Reliev-ER™

The Hoku point, widely used in acupuncture and acupressure to relieve pain,
is located on the hand. Acupuncture and acupressure are key elements of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, illness and pain are seen as  the result of interrupted flow of qi (energy).  As with acupuncture, the aim of acupressure is to restore and balance the flow of qi through the body. 

Acupressure/acupuncture points are places influenced to regulate body functions in addition to relieving  pain. Various points on the body are used to address various pains.

The “Hoku point” (also called LI4 because it is the 4th point on the  Large
Intestine meridian) is good for relieving many kinds of pain (as  well as other
discomforts).  

It is located on the back of the hand, in the webbing where the  thumb and
index finger meet.  Find the exact point by bringing your  thumb and index
finger together.  The muscle will bulge a little--that's the spot.

It can relieve headaches, as well as joint and muscle pain anywhere in the
body.

Squeeze LI4 by putting your thumb on the point, and your index  finger on the
palm side of your hand.  You can hold for up to a few  minutes, or until you
feel relief.  You should press it firmly.  

Michael Reed Gach in his book Acupressure's Potent Points recommends
that  while you are pressing LI4, you also move the joint  nearest the part of
your body that's in pain.  For example, if your  upper calf is in pain, you
would bend and unbend your knee. This is a  great book, by the way.

 Important:  Do not use LI4 if you are pregnant.

If your pain is intense or persistent, you should of course seek the
counsel of a qualified medical practitioner.

Dr. Denise Chang underwent a Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation residency at Columbia University's New York Presbyterian Hospital which inspired in her a strong interest for the treatment of acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain using concepts of Integrative Medicine. In addition to  being certified in Medical Acupuncture by the UCLA Helms Medical Acupuncture for Physicians program, she has studied Acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine  at well-renowned universities in Beijing, China. Dr. Chang is currently  practicing at Advanced Pain Management in Wisconsin

Headaches are a common condition which are experienced by many and may be treated by physical therapists in the physical therapy clinic. The National Headache Foundation estimates that more than 45 million Americans suffer from headaches (1). Conducting a detailed evaluation along with obtaining a thorough history can not only assist with establishing an accurate diagnosis but aid in determining a proper plan of care for the patient as well.

The International Classification of Headache Disorders classifies “primary headaches into four categories: 1.0, migraine; 2.0, tension-type headache; 3.0, cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias; and 4.0, other primary headaches. There are nine categories of secondary headache, which are headache attributed to 5.0, head and neck trauma; 6.0, cranial or cervical vascular disorders; 7.0, nonvascular intracranial disorders; 8.0, substance or its withdrawn; 9.0, infection; 10.0, disorder of homeostasis; 11.0, disorders of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth, or other facial or cranial structures; 12.0, psychiatric disorders; and 13, cranial neuralgias and central causes of facial pain. Finally, there is a fourteenth category that includes headache not classifiable elsewhere.

In the physical therapy clinic patients seen with headaches usually present with
migraine or tension-type headaches. Physical therapists can employ a range of treatment options varying from postural training, functional training, modalities, stretching and various manual therapy techniques to assist with treating these patients with headaches. One form of an alterative treatment option which we have found useful for treating headaches in the clinic is acupressure. This treatment option is somewhat similar to another technique called trigger point release which is already utilized by many therapists in the clinics for treatment of headaches and other conditions. 
 
Acupressure is a traditional Chinese medicine technique derived from acupuncture which utilizes fingers to press key points on the surface of the skin that are especially sensitive to bioelectrical impulses in the body. It is believed that when these points are pressed, endorphins are released which have the ability to block pain and promote the flow of blood and oxygen to an affected area (4). This in turn will also cause the muscles to relax and stimulate the body’s self-curative abilities.

Two preliminary studies (6,7) reported benefits from using finger pressure on
specific acupuncture points (acupressure) to relieve tension-type headache
pain in some patients. However, no controlled research on this approach has
been done.

In a study which supported acupressure but not necessarily its use for treating
headaches, Kober et al. found that acupressure is an effective and simple-to-learn treatment of pain in emergency trauma care and leads to an improvement of the quality of care in emergency transport. 
 
In light of the positive results which we have obtained in the clinic, one can see that a review of the published research which is available for acupressure for the treatment of headaches is exceptionally encouraging but to some extent still limited. As we wait for better quality research to be conducted and published, we hope that practitioners continue to be open-minded and believe that the provision of this alternative treatment option should not be withdrawn.

Gall Bladder 20 (GB20)
How to locate the point: Wind
Pool is located at the back of the head, on both sides of the middle axis next to the muscles that can be felt.     

How to apply pressure to the point: Place both thumbs on the points to the left and right of the middle axis of the head. Massage the points using first steady pressure and then circling pressure, in clockwise and then counterclockwise movements, for one to two minutes
each.

Large Intestine 4 (LI4)
How to locate the point: Make an O with your thumb and index finger so that a small bulge of muscle rises just above the web of skin between the index finger and thumb on the back of the hand. This bulge marks the site of Large Intestine 4.     
 
How to apply pressure to the point: Take one hand in a tweezers grip between your thumb and index finger, with your thumb resting on Large Intestine 4 and the tip of the index finger on the other side of the hand as a balancing point, apply steady pressure and then circling pressure for one to two minutes each. Please note that acupressure to Large Intestine 4 should not be utilized during pregnancy as this can stimulate uterine contractions (4,5).

In a small pilot study, researchers tested the potential benefits of yoga
among chronic stroke survivors -- those whose stroke occurred more than six
months earlier.

 "For people with chronic stroke, something like yoga in a group environment
is cost effective and appears to improve motor function and balance," said
Arlene Schmid, Ph.D., O.T.R., lead researcher and a rehabilitation research
scientist at Roudebush Veterans Administration-Medical Center and Indiana
University, Department of Occupational Therapy in Indianapolis, Ind.

The study's 47 participants, about three-quarters of them male veterans, were
divided into three groups: twice-weekly group yoga for eight weeks; a
"yoga-plus" group, which met twice weekly and had a relaxation recording to use
at least three times a week; and a usual medical care group that did no
rehabilitation.

The yoga classes, taught by a registered yoga therapist, included modified
yoga postures, relaxation, and meditation. Classes grew more challenging each
week.

Compared with patients in the usual-care group, those who completed yoga or
yoga-plus significantly improved their balance.

 Balance problems frequently last long after a person suffers a stroke, and
are related to greater disability and a higher risk of falls, researchers
said.

Furthermore, survivors in the yoga groups had improved scores for
independence and quality of life and were less afraid of falling.

 "For chronic stroke patients, even if they remain disabled, natural recovery
and acute rehabilitation therapy typically ends after six months, or maybe a
year," said Schmid, who is also an assistant professor of occupational therapy
at Indiana University-Purdue University in Indianapolis and an investigator at
the Regenstrief Institute.

 Improvements after the six-month window can take longer to occur, she said,
"but we know for a fact that the brain still can change. The problem is the
healthcare system is not necessarily willing to pay for that change. The study
demonstrated that with some assistance, even chronic stroke patients with
significant paralysis on one side can manage to do modified yoga poses."

 The oldest patient in the study was in his 90s. All participants had to be
able to stand on their own at the study's outset.

 Yoga may be more therapeutic than traditional exercise because the
combination of postures, breathing and meditation may produce different effects
than simple exercise, researchers said.

 "However, stroke patients looking for such help might have a hard time
finding qualified yoga therapists to work with," Schmid said. "Some occupational
and physical therapists are integrating yoga into their practice, even though
there's scant evidence at this point to support its effectiveness."

 Researchers can draw only limited conclusions from the study because of its
small number of participants and lack of diversity. The study also didn't have
enough participants to uncover differences between the yoga and control groups.
The scientists hope to conduct a larger study soon.

Researchers also noticed improvements in the mindset of patients about their
disability. The participants talked about walking through a grocery store
instead of using an assistive scooter, being able to take a shower and feeling
inspired to visit friends.

"It has to do with the confidence of being more mobile," Schmid said.
Although they took time to unfold, "these were very meaningful changes in life
for people."

Co-authors are Marieke Van Puymbroeck, Ph.D., C.T.R.S.; Peter A. Altenburger,
Ph.D., P.T.; Nancy L. Schalk, R.Y.T.; Tracy A. Dierks, Ph.D; Kristine K. Miller,
P.T.; Teresa M. Damush, Ph.D.; Dawn M. Bravata, M.D.; and Linda S. Williams,
M.D. Author disclosures are on the manuscript.

Yogurt is simply milk that has been curdled by the addition of two friendly bacteria, S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus. These cultures break down sugar (lactose) in the milk and give yogurt its creamy consistency and tangy taste. They also make yogurt more digestible for people with lactose intolerance and enhance the body's absorption of calcium and other minerals in yogurt, says Kasi Reddy of yogurt producer Stonyfield Farm. But some yogurts have more to offer than others. 

Culture Club
When people talk about the healthy bacteria in yogurt, they are referring to Probiotics;  not the starter cultures. Probiotics are found in some (but not all) brands;  check the label. Often only L. acidophilus is added. But Stonyfield Farm,  the leader of the probiotic pack, contains four types of bacteria on top of the  starter cultures. The label should also specify live active cultures, yogurts  that have been heat treated or pasteurized after culturing contain no beneficial bacteria. Cooking also kills the bacteria in yogurt. 

The fresher the better
As yogurt ages, the probiotic count declines. To get the biggest bacteria boost and the most calcium, choose nonfat or low-Fat  yogurts with an expiration date far in the future. 

Chilled Yogurt-Cucumber Soup
In a saucepan, bring 1 cup chicken or vegetable broth, 2 cucumbers (peeled, seeded, and sliced), and 1 small onion (sliced) to a boil. Reduce heat to medium-low, cover, and simmer 15 min. With slotted spoon, transfer solids to food processor (discard broth); puree. Stir 2 tbsp. chopped fresh dill, 1/4 tsp. salt, and 2 cups plain low-fat yogurt into puree. Chill. Garnish with minced red onion. Serves 4. [Per serving: 107 cal, 2 g fat, 236 mg calcium]

Kimberly Adams was training for her first triathlon when she felt a sudden and excruciating pain in her neck. A social worker and mom of two, she suspected that toting around her 7-month-old daughter might have contributed to the injury. Adams saw a doctor, who ruled out a pinched nerve and sent her to a chiropractor. An x-ray showed nothing structurally wrong and the chiropractor made some adjustments, but the pain persisted.

Desperate, Adams, 33, turned to acupuncture. And on her third visit — after 3 weeks of unremitting pain — something radical happened. The acupuncturist wiggled a needle in Adams's calf while massaging the painful muscle in her neck; the neck muscle began to relax, and 40 seconds later it felt better. "Literally the next day, the pain was completely gone," Adams says.

Adams, of Scotch Plains, New Jersey, has been pain-free since May and recently completed her second triathlon. Researchers don't quite understand how a needle inserted into one body part can heal another, and some doctors consider the practice at best a nebulous, power-of-positive-thinking sort of thing. But for the million Americans who are treated annually with acupuncture, recent clinical studies have shown that the practice affects the body in measurable ways — reducing blood pressure, for example, and increasing the circulation of endorphins, natural pain-relieving chemicals.

In 1997 the National Institutes of Health approved acupuncture for certain kinds of nausea and pain and listed 11 other conditions, including addiction, asthma, carpal tunnel syndrome, and menstrual cramps, for which it showed potential. Scores of new studies are published each year, evaluating acupuncture's effectiveness in treating everything from Parkinson's disease to depression. And thousands of physicians have incorporated acupuncture into their practices — the country's most prestigious training program, at UCLA's medical school, has graduated 5,000 doctor-acupuncturists over the past 2 decades.

Acupuncture is based on the traditional Chinese teaching that energy, or qi (pronounced "chee"), courses through the body along channels called meridians; illness occurs when that flow is disrupted. Scientists are starting to identify some of the physiological mechanisms at work, and there's evidence that the insertion of needles into designated acupuncture points speeds the conduction of electromagnetic signals within the body. These signals may increase the flow of endorphins and other pain-relieving chemicals, as well as immune system cells, which aid healing. But for the patients it has helped, the "why" and "how" it works don't matter as much as the fact that it does.

Nicole Cashman, 33, who heads her own public relations firm in Philadelphia and New York City, had suffered from allergies all her life. But when she fell for a man with two dogs, her problem escalated from annoyance to life crisis. After just minutes at her boyfriend's house, itchy eyes and other painful symptoms would set in, forcing her to flee. An allergy doctor had her try Zyrtec pills, steroidal eye drops, and a prescription nasal spray. The medications quelled her symptoms, but left her with dry eyes, headaches, and intense drowsiness. "I was like a walking zombie," she says.

Cashman's mom, a pediatric nurse practitioner, suggested she try acupuncture. Though nervous, Cashman began seeing Marshall Sager, D.O., for 20-minute sessions every 2 weeks. He treated her with needles in her face, shins, hands, chest, and other parts of her body. Within a month she was off her meds and sleeping over at her boyfriend's. "I've had amazing results," says Cashman, who has been allergy- and medication- free for more than 2 years and now sees Dr. Sager for semi- annual tune-ups. "I consider myself completely cured."

I've changed into a flimsy gown and am waiting for the acupuncturist, Phillip Shinnick, Ph.D., to return. I'm here mostly because of frequent sinus infections, but a couple of other things are on my mind — like my jaw, which is tight from grinding my teeth at night, and, given the fact that I've been trying to get pregnant for 7 months, acupuncture's reputation for increasing fertility. The room is casually disheveled, an odd melding of doctor's office (sink and white-tiled floor) and massage studio (Buddha wall art and padded examining table).

Shinnick isn't a doctor, but he has studied physiology intensely. (Actually, he's done a lot of things intensely. He set the world record in 1963 for the long jump and competed in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics.) He was a history and sociology professor at Rutgers when a car accident led him to seek physical therapy at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Doctors there sensed his natural gift for healing and suggested he seek training; he went on to study with several top physicians with expertise in Eastern medicine. From there he proceeded to teach acupuncture to doctors at New York Medical College.

Based on my reading, I'm expecting this first session to start with a medical history and then move in a less traditional direction, with him feeling my pulse, examining my tongue, and asking questions like, "What three adjectives would you use to describe yourself?" In traditional Chinese medicine, the world consists of five elements: fire, water, earth, wood, and metal. One or two elements are dominant in each of us, and they're considered a fair predictor of both health issues and psychological tendencies. "It's the feng shui of the body," explains Ann Cotter, M.D., a physician and acupuncturist at Morristown Memorial Hospital in Morristown, New Jersey. A "fire" person and a "metal" person, though they have the same complaint, are likely to receive needles in different places.

But Shinnick merely asks about my principal complaints and medical history, then palpates my whole body, stopping to make marks on a rough human outline he's sketched. I see him circle my shoulders, the left side of my lower back, my left thigh, and both calves. He's done Chinese medical typing, he says, but he finds it more efficient to examine a person's body; all the information he needs resides there. With a speed that would seem like impatience if he weren't being so attentive, he points out problems. My stomach and pancreas are in spasm. My right hip is locked, and it's pressing on my ovary. I have a scattering of tiny bumps on my cheeks. "There's congestion in these points," he says. "It's been this way for a long time."

His plan: Two needles in my lower back, two in my shoulders. Another in my abdomen, near my right hip. Tap-tap, tap-tap. I feel microsecond pinpricks, and in some spots, a numb, achy sensation.

Shinnick attaches clips to the needles and starts what looks like a car battery. I feel pulses of electricity alternating from one needle to the next. It feels odd but not uncomfortable, though my abdomen is visibly convulsing. Acupuncturists insert their thin needles, as many as a dozen at a time, into any of more than 300 points. Placement varies from one session to the next, in response to the patient's changing condition, and the practitioner may twist the needles or apply a weak electrical current. I lie there, a reposing pincushion, as Shinnick attends to patients in other rooms, and ponder his comments. At least one of them seems eerily on target. I've felt soreness in my lower-right abdomen for years, and in a recent test I had to make sure my fallopian tubes were clear, the right one was so constricted that the doctor had to force the dye solution through it.

Twenty minutes later Shinnick is back. The needles come out, snip-snap. My problems are neatly connected. "To me, everything fits," he says. My stomach is in knots, he explains, which is causing the outbreak on my face. The tension in my shoulders is keeping my sinuses in crisis and contributing to my jaw clenching. The blockage in my hip is hampering my ovary.

"I can completely eliminate all your tension," he says, "but you'll put it back." Unless, that is, I change my habits. He teaches me to breathe deeply into my stomach, relaxing my face on the exhale. "You need to practice these self-care techniques every single day from now until the day you die," he tells me. Most acupuncturists don't expect their clients to work so hard between sessions, but then again most treat patients regularly for weeks or months at a time. Shinnick believes two or three sessions are usually sufficient. "If it's going to work, it'll work fast," he says.

It's Looney Tunes," says Stephen Barrett, M.D., a retired psychiatrist who operates the Quackwatch Web site. "Meridians and qi are part of a delusional system." Dr. Barrett is referring to the vocabulary of acupuncture. Qi has no counterpart in Western medicine, and the meridians are not visible structures. "It's two worlds," Dr. Cotter says. "It's like learning a new language."

Western doctors treat problems that patients have; Eastern doctors treat patients who have problems. "Western medicine has a tendency to stop or alter processes. Just think about the names of our medicines: antibiotics, antihistamines, interferon," Dr. Sager says. "Acupuncture enhancesthe body's inherent ability to heal itself."

Since being validated by the NIH in 1997 for nausea and postoperative dental pain, acupuncture has shown promise for other ailments. In 2004 alone researchers documented its effectiveness in treating at least 25 medical problems. But none of those studies was sufficiently large or well designed to be definitive.

Doesn't mean the studies are wrong, only that they are not the final word. No company stands to profit from the revelation that acupuncture works, so it's hard to fund the large, costly studies that Western medicine requires for proof. In addition acupuncture isn't easily standardized the way Western treatments are decisions about needle placements change each session based on how the patient is feeling — so it's hard to design an objective study.

Victor Sierpina, M.D., a physician at the University of Texas Medical Branch and
author of a recent review of the medical literature on acupuncture, says acupuncture has been shown to work for at least two and osteoarthritis of the knee. A 2004 study of 570 patients published in the Annals of Internal Medicine showed that those who received acupuncture for 26 weeks scored 33 percent better on tests of pain and joint immobility than did patients who received sham acupuncture.

While definitive proof is scarce, anecdotal reports are not. Dr. Sierpina himself has successfully used acupuncture to help patients with migraine and tension headaches, back pain, irritable bowel syndrome, arthritis, tendinitis, neuralgia, allergies, chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, asthma, and menstrual cramps. Other doctor-acupuncturists told me they've had results with acute ankle sprains, tennis elbow, male and female infertility, sinus infections, and the common cold. "I hear from patients weeks later, 'I still feel great.' That outcome is demonstrable. It's real," says Elizabeth Huntoon, M.D., a physical medicine and rehabilitation doctor at the Mayo Clinic who is also a certified acupuncturist. "If you have enough patients saying that to you, you start to believe you're doing something right."

Many patients undergo a series of visits over weeks or months before feeling better, or feel some improvement but not a total cure. And there are some who, though their symptoms seem treatable, don't respond to acupuncture at all. No one knows why; some attribute it to acupuncturists with insufficient skills or to individual body differences.

"It may be genetic — specific pain receptors may be diminished in some people," says Brian Berman of the University of Maryland school of medicine, who headed the knee osteoarthritis study. Nonresponders tend to be people who've been in pain for years; and advocates suspect that even they could be helped but that entrenched problems take longer and many patients give up too soon.

A nifty little $200 device by my bed tracks my hormone levels based on urine samples I provide each morning. For the past 7 months, it's been the same drill: a couple days of high fertility before and after ovulation, which for me happens several days earlier than the optimal day 14 or 15, followed by low fertility the rest of the month. But after I start acupuncture, things change. This month I register high fertility for 17 days straight. The downside: I don't ovulate. The upside: Something seems to be shifting inside me.

I can't help but think of Eliana Jacobs, 42, an acupuncture patient I'd interviewed. She'd had trouble conceiving her first child, but the second go-round was even worse. Over several years she had an ectopic pregnancy that cost her a fallopian tube and four in-vitro fertilization procedures at two top fertility clinics in New York City. The doctors found nothing wrong with her eggs, but they failed to develop into sturdy embryos. "After four IVF procedures, which are physically and mentally grueling, I had nothing to show for it," she says.

Jacobs went to an acupuncturist who specialized in fertility. She was told it could take 3 to 6 months of regular treatments to restore her body to equilibrium. Jacobs decided to give it a try, then do one last round of IVF. She went dutifully twice a week, though she felt no physical difference and had no idea whether acupuncture was working. Six months later though, she found she'd gotten pregnant on her own, and went on to have a second healthy girl.

Was Jacobs's experience mere coincidence? Hard to say. A 2002 German studyshowed promise for acupuncture in helping women undergoing IVF become pregnant.Eighty women were given acupuncture 25 minutes before and after embryo transfer; another 80 were not. The pregnancy rate of those who received acupuncture was 42.5 percent, as opposed to 26.3 percent for those who didn't.

Some of the most interesting research about how acupuncture works involves brain scans. In one of the first such studies, published in 1998 in aprestigious medical journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers needled subjects on the side of the foot in points that are thought to affect the eyes while taking images of their brains in an fMRI machine. The part of the brain associated with vision lit up, just as it did when a bright light was shone in the subjects' eyes. Needling in other parts of the foot did not cause the response.

Acupuncture seems to work best for problems that Western medicine struggles to treat — hot flashes, recurrent infections, back pain, and other chronic conditions that don't register on x-rays or blood tests — not extreme medical conditions. Advocates also point to the fact that acupuncture has virtually no side effects: a well-trained practitioner will use sterilized, disposable needles, eliminating the chance of infection. The worst that patients can expect is some bruising or a brief feeling of faintness. Hence practitioners say acupuncture is a good option when other treatments have failed — or when Western medicine has no answers.

Which is pretty much where I find myself right now. A blood test I recently took indicated that my chances of getting pregnant are low, but the doctor who ordered the test, a fertility specialist, had no remedy to suggest except to wait and take the test again, as results may vary from month to month. Meanwhile my current cycle, the second since I started acupuncture, is the best yet; this time I register high fertility early on, then ovulate on day 15 — the ideal scenario.

All means for me I don't yet know, but the changes in my body make me feel
certain that the acupuncture is doing something. Acupuncture doesn't work for
everybody all the time, but it clearly does work for some people some of the
time. And I hope I'll be one of them.

Read more at Women's Health:
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/health/acupuncture-to-relieve-pain?page=4#ixzz21rYNZw8U

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Inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) are being assessed in clinical trials as a potential treatment for recurrent or refractory solid tumors. Clear genetic rationale for these trials, together with evidence that primary and metastatic lung tumors might be particularly susceptible to the drugs, is now reported in a preclinical study published in Cancer Discovery, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

"Our data provide preclinical genetic validation for the ongoing clinical trials testing IDO inhibitors in cancer patients," said Alexander Muller,  Ph.D., associate professor at Lankenau Institute for Medical Research in  Wynnewood, Pa. "We also believe that our results indicate that these drugs could have particular impact in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and lung metastases, conditions for which there is an urgent, unmet need for new therapeutic options."

The ongoing clinical trials were initiated based on pharmacological studies that indicated that IDO inhibitors can enhance the effectiveness of other therapies in mouse models of cancer. Genetic evidence to support the concept was lacking. Muller and his colleagues, therefore, set out to determine the effect of disrupting the IDO gene on tumor development in mice.

"It was very important to us to use models of disease as physiologically  relevant as possible," he said. "We chose the KRAS-induced lung carcinoma model  as our model of primary disease since tumors can be induced selectively in the  lung and are driven by mutations in a gene known to be affected in approximately  20 percent of nonsmall cell lung cancers. We modeled metastatic disease using  the 4T1 mouse breast cancer cell line, which very efficiently metastasizes to the lung after being engrafted in the mammary glands of mice. This is one of only a few breast cancer models with the capacity to metastasize efficiently to sites affected in human breast cancer patients." 

Genetically-induced IDO deficiency reduced lung tumor burden and improved survival in both models.

"This genetic confirmation of the importance of IDO in lung tumor development is essential support for the clinical trials," said Muller. "However, we were also hoping to garner insight into the mechanisms by which IDO impacts tumor development. In this regard, our findings linking IDO to increased vascularization and modification of the inflammatory environment are critical. These data indicate that IDO has a far more expansive role in tumorigenesis than we might have thought." 

Analysis of differences between the lungs of IDO-sufficient and deficient tumor-bearing mice in the KRAS-induced lung carcinoma model revealed that levels of the pro-inflammatory molecule IL-6 were markedly lower in the absence of IDO. Levels of this known tumor-promoting factor were also lower in the model of metastasis when IDO was absent.

Additional work in the model of metastasis indicated that IDO-potentiated IL-6 production and promoted metastasis to the lung by driving the expansion and immunosuppressive function of a population of cells known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs are well-characterized, potent inhibitors of antitumor immune responses. 

"It was very satisfying to be able to experimentally close the loop and clearly define a mechanism by which IDO promotes metastatic outgrowth to the lung, at least in the 4T1 breast cancer model," said Muller. "We think that this  mechanism might also link with the vascular effects of IDO. IDO promotes tumorigenesis in many different ways, and we are looking to see if we can take clinical advantage of some of these."

Medical Tourism or  cross-border healthcare, global care, globally integrated care, medical travel, organ transplant tourism, dental tourism is discussed at Medical Writing Network - The Online Community for Medical and Health Writers .

The practice – cross-border health-care - is not new, and was very popular in ancient Rome and Greece when citizens traveled to other parts of the empire to visit spas, seek treatments, etc. In later days, it was also popular where one might travel to Colorado to tuberculosis sanatorium, or to warm weather climates  to abate rheumatologic symptoms.

Recent studies published my McKinsey and Deloitte cite traffic into the US in 2008 at more than 400,000 non-US. residents who sought care in the United States, known as inbound medical tourism, and spent almost $5 billion for health  services. 

Not included in this calculation are the cases and revenues that came from other cities and states not typically included in a US providers' relevant geographic market.

More than 750,000 Americans (with enough cash to pay for the cost of their care and the travel expense) left the country last year to access less expensive  or unavailable medical treatments, a number projected to grow to six million by  2010, potentially costing our US health care system billions.” 
Americans primarily seek this sort of care for elective surgical procedures, but many are medically necessary and have no tourism or leisure component
associated  with the trip.

Most Popular Medical Tourism Services in India

Orthopedic Surgery
Cardiologic surgery
Bariatric surgery
Cancer treatment
Fertility / IVF
Diagnostic testing Gender
reassignment surgery
Executive Checkups
Medical Spa services

This Health blog has been provided to you by www.myreliever.com

Some forms of acupuncture can be practiced anyone, not just by specialist. Whether for healing or as part of your health regime, you can do acupressure at home. But there are three hundreds sixty-five acupuncture points. Remembering where they are and how to use them is not easy, even for a trained acupuncturist.

I recently bought a three book set called “The Secrets of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Health Regime.” The author is Dr. Wu Guo Jong. He is a TCM doctor working in Beijing, China. In the book he mentioned using some acupuncture points as part of an everyday health regime. I think what he suggests is easy and useful for everybody, so I would like to share them with you.

1. LI 4 Acupuncture Point – He Gu – Large Intestine Meridian

English Name: Union Valley
Location: On the dorsum(back) of the hand, approximately at the midpoint of the second metacarpal bone, in the belly of the first interosseus dorsalis muscle. (between your thumb and first finger)
Contraindication: Do Not Needle If Pregnancy is known or suspected

Actions & Effects:
Releases the exterior for wind-cold or wind-heat syndromes
Strengthens the wei qi, improves immunity
Regulates the sweat glands, for excessive sweating tonify LI 4 then disperse KD 7 and vice versa.
Any problem on the face – sense organs, mouth, teeth, jaw, toothache, allergies, rhinitis, hay fever, acne, eye problems, etc.
Toothache, use both LI 4 & ST 44 – LI for the lower jaw & ST for the upper jaw.
Headache, especially frontal and/or sinus (yangming) area.
Chronic Pain.
Influence the circulation of Qi and Blood – Use the four gates, LI 4 & LV 3 to strongly move the Qi and Blood in the body clearing stagnation and alleviating pain.
Promote labor or for retained placenta.
Use your thumbs to press your He Gu point. Then, using medium force and speed, rub in tiny circles for two to three minutes.

2. PC 6 Acupuncture Point – Nei Guan – Pericardium Meridian

English Name: Inner Pass
Location: On the anterior forearm (inner wrist), 2 cm superior to the transverse wrist crease, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis muscles (in the middle of your inner arm).

Actions & Effects:
Similar to PC 3, but more for Chronic Heart symptoms from Qi stagnation.
Opens and relaxes the chest, chest tightness, asthma, angina, palpitations.
Insomnia a/or other spirit disorders of an excess or deficient nature, mania, nervousness, stress, poor memory.
Nausea, seasickness, motion sickness, vomiting, epigastric pain.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Use your thumb to press your Nei Guan point. Then, using medium force and speed, rub in tiny circles for two minutes. Do once on the morning and once on the evening.

3. UB 40 Acupuncture Point – Wei Zhong – Bladder Meridian

English Name: Bend Middle
Location: At the midpoint of the popliteal fossa (behind the knee).

Actions & Effects:
As the Lumbar Command Point, useful for all lumbar related issues: acute low back pain, sprain, muscle spasms, etc.
Main point for heat conditions such as summer heat, heatstroke and heat exhaustion.
Main point for all skin related issues: itching, oozing, inflammation, etc.
Good local point for leg and/or knee pain.

Put your foot on the low chair. Use your middle finger to press your Wei Zhong point. Then, using medium force and speed, rub in tiny circles for two to three minutes.

4. ST 36 Acupuncture Point – Zu San Li – Stomach Meridian

English Name: Leg Three Li
Location: On the leg, one finger breadth lateral to the tibia’s anterior crest, 3 cm inferior to ST 35 in the depression to the lateral side of the patella.

Actions & Effects:
Tonifies deficient Qi a/or Blood.
Tonifies Wei Qi.
All issues involving the Stomach a/or the Spleen.
Clears disorders along the course of the channel – breast problems, lower leg pain.
Earth as the mother of Metal – will support Lung function in cases of asthma, wheezing, dyspnea.
Psychological/Emotional disorders – PMS, depression, nervousness.
Use your thumbs to press your Zu San Li point. Then, using strong force and slow speed, rub in tiny circles for two minutes.

These four acupuncture points can be stimulated once or twice a day. Try to do both sides. After two weeks you should be able to feel an improvement in your health problem

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Traditional Indian Systems of Medicine (TISM) such as Ayurveda and Siddha originated in South Asia over 2000 years ago and are practiced by an estimated 80% of India’s 1.1 billion population. TISM are widely believed in India to be safe and effective. However, we reported in the Journal of American Medical Association in 2004 that 20% of imported South Asian herbal remedies sold in Boston ethnic markets contained potentially harmful levels of lead, mercury, and/or arsenic. A follow-up study published in 2008 also in the Journal of American Medical Association found 21% of TISM medicines sold on the Internet contained detectable levels of these metals. These products were manufactured in both India and the U.S. with similar percentages containing metals.

The CDC reported 12 cases of lead poisoning associated with TISM medicines in five U.S. states between 2000-2003. Contamination from the environment and manufacturing processes are likely partly responsible for the problem. However, TISM experts also describe intentionally adding to herbal formulations bhasmas, which are compounds made with mercury, lead, arsenic, iron, zinc, and other metals. Bhasmas are prepared through an elaborate process that is claimed to change the form of the metal rendering it nontoxic and therapeutic. Recent press resulting from our publications and others have raised global safety concerns and prompted import bans by Canada, USA, Australia, and others. This has generated debate and controversy among key stakeholders within India including TISM practitioners, allopathic physicians, public health professionals, TISM industry, and government.

Our findings were a major impetus causing the Government of India to establish new standards for toxic contaminants in exported Ayurvedic medicines. We have subsequently developed numerous collaborations with traditional practitioners and scientists in the U.S., Canada, and India. We are committed to safe and effective traditional medicine use throughout the world. However, modern scientific methods need to be applied to determine which parts of these traditions are safe, effective, and therefore should be disseminated and promoted; and conversely which aspects are unsafe or ineffective and should therefore be stopped.

Many people take herbs and dietary supplements in an effort to stay healthy. A 2007 study found that 52% of adults took at least one supplement as part of their daily regimen. In addition to vitamins like vitamin E, C and B, common supplements include fish oil, glucosamine, and flaxseed oil. Research has shown that some dietary supplements may be effective in preventing or treating disease. For example, folic acid helps prevent certain birth defects, and vitamin D and calcium can help prevent and treat bone loss and osteoporosis

(Source: http://nccam.nih.gov/health/supplements/wiseuse.htm).

Dr. Gardiner researches herbs and dietary supplements, with particular focus on adverse event reporting of dietary supplements and dietary supplements and pregnancy.

The majority of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy undergo implantation of a permanent central venous access device, often referred to as a port. The port serves as a permanent intravenous device (IV) to deliver chemotherapy. Implantation of the port is an outpatient surgical procedure using local anesthetic only. Patients remain conscious, must keep their head rotated 90 degrees to one side and remain very still during this delicate procedure, which takes approximately 60 minutes. Although the port carries obvious multiple benefits for ease of treatment, after the procedure patients often complain of headaches, muscle stiffness and neck and shoulder pain that lasts for several days. Pain medication is the only therapy commonly offered for this and is often inadequate. Furthermore, since this is often the first surgical procedure for cancer patients at the beginning of their treatment, they often have significant levels of pre-procedure anxiety. Safe, efficacious, and cost-effective interventions that can reduce the anxiety and pain related to port placement are needed.

We are conducting a nine-month pilot RCT of 60 predominantly low-income, minority, cancer patients at Boston Medical Center undergoing Port-a-Catheter placement to assess the feasibility and efficacy of massage therapy for reducing pre-operative anxiety and post-operative pain. The study is supported by a grant from the Massage Therapy Foundation.

Acupuncture is among the oldest healing practices in the world. Acupuncture is one of a number of techniques that comprise a whole medical system called traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional Chinese Medicine considers the health and balance of the entire system: body, mind, spirit, emotions and environment. The body is understood to be a balance of two opposing and inseparable forces: yin and yang. According to TCM, health is achieved by maintaining the body in a “balanced state” of these two forces. In acupuncture the stimulation of specific points on the body by a variety of techniques, including the insertion of thin metal needles though the skin helps the body maintain or regain it’s balance. According to the 2007 National Health Interview Survey, which included a comprehensive survey of CAM use by Americans, an estimated 3.1 million U.S. adults and 150,000 children had used acupuncture in the previous year. Relatively few complications from the use of acupuncture have been reported to the FDA, in light of the millions of people treated each year and the number of acupuncture needles used.

In 2007 we published a paper describing the establishment of free-care acupuncture clinics within Boston Medical Center with an underserved minority adolescent population. During 2004-2006 the acupuncture clinic had 544 visits for a wide range of conditions, including headaches, a wide variety of pain syndromes, gynecological issues, and gastro-intestinal problems. Visits increased 65 % from the first to the third year of operation.

In 2008-2009 we surveyed adult users of two free-care acupuncture clinics at Boston Medical Center. This pilot study surveyed patients satisfaction and perceived helpfulness of acupuncture. Over 24 months, a total of 720 acupuncture treatments were administered, consisting of 144 new patient visits and 576 follow-up visits. Overall satisfaction with acupuncture was reported as either “Very Good” or “Good” in 95% of all surveys. Only 1% of respondents reported that they would not use acupuncture again and 93% stated they would recommend acupuncture to friends or family.

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MyReliever.com wants to introduce you to viewing death and dying in a positive light – as a sacred passage into a peaceful, divine place. My father, who is 92, recently said to me, “When I die, I’ll be OK; it’s just like going into another room…”

we want to educate you on some acupressure points that help to nurture emotions, calm anxiety, relieve depression, and balance grief. These quite possibly are some of the most important acupressure points that you will ever learn.

At the end of this email I want to share a powerful video program on Death and Dying called ‘Dying Into Love‘ featuring Ram Dass, Joan Halifax, Bodhi Be and Dale Borglum – all leaders who have been helping those in transition and especially those who caretake for the dying.

Acupressure points and slow deep breathing can help you transcend the fear of death and make it a graceful passage. I will show you the Sea of Tranquility point (CV 17) to use on yourself during the dying process and after the person dies to calm your spirit, nurture your body while grieving, and enable you to keep your heart open.

For Others: I suggest gently holding the inside of the wrist, to cover acupressure points L7, L8, and L9, below the pad of the thumb on both sides to feel the life force of the radial artery and connect with the person you are caring for. Focus on being in the present moment, and remind yourself to breathe deeply, continually.

For Self-Healing: Hold CV 17, at the center of your breastbone, known as the Sea of Tranquility point. With your spine straight, focus on breathing slowly and deeply into this emotional healing acupressure point to nurture your heart. Using this acupressure point in a hospice environment can clear and transform negative emotions, overwhelm, deepen your breathing, and nurture your heart.

Point Location: CV 17, a great emotional balancing point, is four finger widths up from the base of your breastbone, in the center of your chest. Use your fingertips to slowly rub up and down in the center of your breastbone to feel for an indentation, between the nipples on a man.

Holding CV 17 with your fingertips enables you to practice throughout the day to encourage yourself to breathe deeply into the pressure being applied to your breastbone. This will calm any anxiety or stress in your life.

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